Journal article
A Census of Atmospheric Variability From Seconds to Decades
PD Williams, MJ Alexander, EA Barnes, AH Butler, HC Davies, CI Garfinkel, Y Kushnir, TP Lane, JK Lundquist, O Martius, RN Maue, WR Peltier, K Sato, AA Scaife, C Zhang
Geophysical Research Letters | AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION | Published : 2017
DOI: 10.1002/2017GL075483
Abstract
This paper synthesizes and summarizes atmospheric variability on time scales from seconds to decades through a phenomenological census. We focus mainly on unforced variability in the troposphere, stratosphere, and mesosphere. In addition to atmosphere-only modes, our scope also includes coupled modes, in which the atmosphere interacts with the other components of the Earth system, such as the ocean, hydrosphere, and cryosphere. The topics covered include turbulence on time scales of seconds and minutes, gravity waves on time scales of hours, weather systems on time scales of days, atmospheric blocking on time scales of weeks, the Madden–Julian Oscillation on time scales of months, the Quasi-..
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Grants
Awarded by Department of Energy and Climate Change
Funding Acknowledgements
P.D.W. is funded by the Royal Society under a University Research Fellowship award UF130571. E.A.B. is funded by the National Science Foundation under grant AGS-1545675. C.I.G. is funded by the Israel Science Foundation under grant 1558/14 and by the European Union Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under European Research Council starting grant 677756. T.P.L. is funded by the Australian Research Council's Centre of Excellence for Climate Extremes under grant CE170100023. J.K.L. is funded by the National Science Foundation under CAREER award AGS-1554055. O.M. is supported by the Swiss National Science Foundation under grant 200021-156059. K.S. is funded by the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research grant 25247075 and by the Japan Science and Technology Agency under CREST grant JPMJCR1663. A.A.S. is funded by the joint DECC/DEFRA Met Office Hadley Centre Climate Programme under grant GA01101. Through the coauthorship of C.Z., this paper is Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory contribution number 4703. This paper contains no new data or models.